Å®Éñµç×ÓÊé > ÀËÂþÑÔÇéµç×ÓÊé > glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(¸ñÀ͸ß˹) >

µÚ11²¿·Ö

glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(¸ñÀ͸ß˹)-µÚ11²¿·Ö

С˵£º glaucus-or the wonders of the shore(¸ñÀ͸ß˹) ×ÖÊý£º ÿҳ4000×Ö

°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡




vegetable¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡forms£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡What¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡groups¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡grey¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡bladders£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡

something¡¡like¡¡a¡¡little¡¡bud¡¡at¡¡the¡¡tip£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡What¡¡are¡¡the¡¡hundreds¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡little¡¡

pink¡­striped¡¡pears£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡What¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡¡¡¡¡tiny¡¡¡¡babies'¡¡heads£»¡¡¡¡¡¡covered¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡grey¡¡

prickles¡¡instead¡¡of¡¡hair£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡great¡¡red¡¡star¡­fish£»¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ulster¡¡children¡¡

call¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨the¡¡¡¡¡¡bad¡¡¡¡¡¡man's¡¡¡¡¡¡hands£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡whelks£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡youth¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

Musselburgh¡¡¡¡¡¡know¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡roaring¡¡¡¡¡¡buckies£»¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡seen¡¡¡¡¡¡before£»¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡

what£»¡¡oh¡¡what£»¡¡are¡¡the¡¡red¡¡capsicums£¿¡¡¡­¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Yes£»¡¡what¡¡are¡¡the¡¡red¡¡capsicums£¿¡¡and¡¡why¡¡are¡¡they¡¡poking£»¡¡snapping£»¡¡

starting£»¡¡¡¡¡¡crawling£»¡¡¡¡¡¡tumbling¡¡¡¡¡¡wildly¡¡¡¡¡¡over¡¡¡¡¡¡each¡¡¡¡¡¡other£»¡¡¡¡¡¡rattling¡¡¡¡¡¡about¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

huge¡¡mahogany¡¡cockles£»¡¡as¡¡big¡¡as¡¡a¡¡child's¡¡two¡¡fists£»¡¡out¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡they¡¡

are¡¡¡¡¡¡protruded£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Mark¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡¡¡well£»¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡perhaps¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡never¡¡¡¡¡¡see¡¡¡¡¡¡them¡¡

again¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡Mediterranean¡¡¡¡¡¡species£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡rather¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡three¡¡¡¡¡¡species£»¡¡¡¡¡¡left¡¡

behind¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡upon¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡extreme¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡south¡­western¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡coasts£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡probably¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡the¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡30¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡31¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Glaucus/or¡¡The¡¡Wonders¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Shore¡¡



vanishing¡¡of¡¡that¡¡warmer¡¡ancient¡¡epoch£»¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡clothed¡¡the¡¡Lizard¡¡Point¡¡

with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Cornish¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡heath£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡Killarney¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡mountains¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Spanish¡¡

saxifrages£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡¡¡¡¡relics¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡flora¡¡¡¡whose¡¡¡¡¡¡home¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Iberian¡¡

peninsula¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡sunny¡¡¡¡¡¡cliffs¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Riviera¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Rare¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡every¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡

shore£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡even¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡west£»¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡abounds¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡Torbay¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡certain£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡rather¡¡

uncertain£»¡¡times£»¡¡to¡¡so¡¡prodigious¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡amount£»¡¡that¡¡the¡¡dredge£»¡¡after¡¡five¡¡

minutes'¡¡scrape£»¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡sometimes¡¡come¡¡up¡¡choked¡¡full¡¡of¡¡this¡¡great¡¡cockle¡¡

only¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡You¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡see¡¡hundreds¡¡of¡¡them¡¡in¡¡every¡¡cove¡¡for¡¡miles¡¡this¡¡day£»¡¡a¡¡

seeming¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡waste¡¡of¡¡life£»¡¡which¡¡would¡¡be¡¡awful£»¡¡in¡¡our¡¡eyes£»¡¡were¡¡not¡¡the¡¡

Divine¡¡¡¡¡¡Ruler£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡His¡¡¡¡¡¡custom¡¡¡¡¡¡is£»¡¡¡¡¡¡making¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡¡¡destruction¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡means¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

fresh¡¡creation£»¡¡by¡¡burying¡¡them¡¡in¡¡the¡¡sands£»¡¡as¡¡soon¡¡as¡¡washed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡shore£»¡¡

to¡¡fertilize¡¡the¡¡strata¡¡of¡¡some¡¡future¡¡world¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡shell¡­fish¡¡truly£»¡¡

but¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡Cuvier¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡thought¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡remarkable¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡enough¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡devote¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡its¡¡

anatomy¡¡¡¡¡¡elaborate¡¡¡¡¡¡descriptions¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡drawings£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡done¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡

perhaps¡¡than¡¡any¡¡others¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡illustrate¡¡the¡¡curious¡¡economy¡¡of¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡

class¡¡of¡¡bivalve£»¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡double¡­shelled£»¡¡mollusca¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Plate¡¡II¡£¡¡Fig¡£¡¡3¡££©¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡That¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡red¡¡¡¡¡¡capsicum¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡foot¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡animal¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡contained¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡

cockleshell¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡By¡¡its¡¡aid¡¡it¡¡crawls£»¡¡leaps£»¡¡and¡¡burrows¡¡in¡¡the¡¡sand£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡where¡¡

it¡¡¡¡¡¡lies¡¡¡¡drinking¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡salt¡¡¡¡¡¡water¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡through¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡siphons£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

discharging¡¡it¡¡again¡¡through¡¡the¡¡other¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Put¡¡the¡¡shell¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡a¡¡rock¡¡pool£»¡¡or¡¡

a¡¡basin¡¡of¡¡water£»¡¡and¡¡you¡¡will¡¡see¡¡the¡¡siphons¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡clearly¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡valves¡¡gape¡¡

apart¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡three¡­quarters¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡inch¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡semi¡­pellucid¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡orange¡¡

¡¨mantle¡¨¡¡fills¡¡the¡¡intermediate¡¡space¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Through¡¡that¡¡mantle£»¡¡at¡¡the¡¡end¡¡

from¡¡which¡¡the¡¡foot¡¡curves£»¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡siphons¡¡protrude£»¡¡two¡¡thick¡¡short¡¡tubes¡¡

joined¡¡¡¡¡¡side¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡side£»¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡lips¡¡¡¡¡¡fringed¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡pearly¡¡¡¡cirri£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡fringes£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

very¡¡beautiful¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡larger¡¡is¡¡always¡¡open£»¡¡taking¡¡in¡¡the¡¡water£»¡¡

which¡¡is¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡once¡¡the¡¡animal's¡¡food¡¡and¡¡air£»¡¡and¡¡which£»¡¡flowing¡¡over¡¡the¡¡

delicate¡¡¡¡¡¡inner¡¡¡¡¡¡surface¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mantle£»¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡once¡¡¡¡¡¡oxygenates¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡blood£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

fills¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡stomach¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡minute¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡particles¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡decayed¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡organized¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡matter¡£¡¡

The¡¡¡¡¡¡smaller¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡shut¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Wait¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡minute£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡open¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡suddenly¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

discharge¡¡a¡¡jet¡¡of¡¡clear¡¡water£»¡¡which¡¡has¡¡been¡¡robbed£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡suppose£»¡¡of¡¡its¡¡

oxygen¡¡and¡¡its¡¡organic¡¡matter¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But£»¡¡I¡¡suppose£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡your¡¡eyes¡¡will¡¡be¡¡rather¡¡

attracted¡¡by¡¡that¡¡same¡¡scarlet¡¡and¡¡orange¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡foot£»¡¡which¡¡is¡¡being¡¡drawn¡¡in¡¡

and¡¡¡¡¡¡thrust¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡length¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡nearly¡¡¡¡¡¡four¡¡¡¡¡¡inches£»¡¡¡¡striking¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡its¡¡¡¡¡¡point¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡31¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡32¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Glaucus/or¡¡The¡¡Wonders¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Shore¡¡



against¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡¡¡opposing¡¡¡¡¡¡object£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡sending¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡whole¡¡¡¡¡¡shell¡¡¡¡¡¡backwards¡¡

with¡¡a¡¡jerk¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡point£»¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡see£»¡¡is¡¡sharp¡¡and¡¡tongue¡­like£»¡¡only¡¡flattened£»¡¡

not¡¡horizontally£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡like¡¡a¡¡tongue£»¡¡but¡¡perpendicularly£»¡¡so¡¡as¡¡to¡¡form£»¡¡as¡¡it¡¡

was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡intended£»¡¡a¡¡perfect¡¡sand¡­plough£»¡¡by¡¡which¡¡the¡¡animal¡¡can¡¡move¡¡at¡¡

will£»¡¡either¡¡above¡¡or¡¡below¡¡the¡¡surface¡¡of¡¡the¡¡sand¡£¡¡£¨2£©¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡for¡¡colour¡¡and¡¡shape£»¡¡to¡¡what¡¡shall¡¡we¡¡compare¡¡it£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡To¡¡polished¡¡

cornelian£»¡¡¡¡¡¡says¡¡¡¡¡¡Mr¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Gosse¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡say£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡red¡¡capsicums¡¡

which¡¡hang¡¡drying¡¡in¡¡every¡¡Covent¡­garden¡¡seedsman's¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡window¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Yet¡¡is¡¡

either¡¡simile¡¡better¡¡than¡¡the¡¡guess¡¡of¡¡a¡¡certain¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡lady£»¡¡who£»¡¡entering¡¡a¡¡room¡¡

wherein¡¡a¡¡couple¡¡of¡¡Cardium¡¡tuberculatum¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡waltzing¡¡about¡¡a¡¡plate£»¡¡

exclaimed£»¡¡¡¨Oh¡¡dear£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡always¡¡heard¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡my¡¡pretty¡¡red¡¡coral¡¡came¡¡out¡¡

of¡¡a¡¡fish£»¡¡and¡¡here¡¡it¡¡is¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡alive£¡¡¨¡¡

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨C¡£¡¡tuberculatum£»¡¨¡¡says¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Gosse¡¡£¨who¡¡described¡¡it¡¡from¡¡specimens¡¡

which¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡¡¡¡¡sent¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡1854£©£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨is¡¡¡¡¡¡far¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡finest¡¡¡¡¡¡species¡£¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡valves¡¡¡¡are¡¡

more¡¡globose¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡warmer¡¡¡¡¡¡colour£»¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡seen¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡even¡¡

more¡¡spinous¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Such¡¡may¡¡have¡¡been¡¡the¡¡case¡¡in¡¡those¡¡I¡¡sent£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡it¡¡has¡¡

occurred¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡me¡¡¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡then¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡dredge¡¡¡¡¡¡specimens¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡C¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡aculeatum£»¡¡

which¡¡had¡¡escaped¡¡that¡¡rolling¡¡on¡¡the¡¡sand¡¡fatal¡¡in¡¡old¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡age¡¡to¡¡its¡¡delicate¡¡

spines£»¡¡and¡¡which¡¡equalled¡¡in¡¡colour£»¡¡size£»¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡perfectness¡¡the¡¡noble¡¡one¡¡

figured¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡poor¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡dear¡¡¡¡¡¡old¡¡¡¡Dr¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Turton's¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨British¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Bivalves¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Besides£»¡¡

aculeatum¡¡is¡¡a¡¡far¡¡thinner¡¡and¡¡more¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡delicate¡¡shell¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡a¡¡third¡¡species£»¡¡

C¡£¡¡echinatum£»¡¡with¡¡curves¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡graceful¡¡and¡¡continuous£»¡¡is¡¡to¡¡be¡¡found¡¡

now¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡then¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡two¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡former¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡it£»¡¡¡¡each¡¡¡¡¡¡point£»¡¡¡¡¡¡instead¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡

degenerating¡¡into¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡knot£»¡¡as¡¡in¡¡tuberculatum£»¡¡or¡¡developing¡¡from¡¡delicate¡¡

flat¡¡briar¡­¡¡prickles¡¡into¡¡long¡¡straight¡¡thorns£»¡¡as¡¡in¡¡aculeatum£»¡¡is¡¡close¡­set¡¡

to¡¡its¡¡fellow£»¡¡and¡¡curved¡¡at¡¡the¡¡point¡¡transversely¡¡to¡¡the¡¡shell£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡

being¡¡thus¡¡horrid¡¡with¡¡hundreds¡¡of¡¡strong¡¡tenterhooks£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡making¡¡his¡¡castle¡¡

impregnable¡¡to¡¡the¡¡raveners¡¡of¡¡the¡¡deep¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡For¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡hardly¡¡doubt¡¡that¡¡

these¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡prickles¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡meant¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡weapons¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡defence£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡

savoury¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡morsel¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡mollusc¡¡¡¡¡¡within¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨cooked¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡eaten¡¡¡¡¡¡largely¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡

some¡¡parts¡¡of¡¡our¡¡south¡¡coast£©¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡a¡¡staple¡¡article¡¡of¡¡food¡¡for¡¡sea¡­¡¡

beasts¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡prey¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡noteworthy£»¡¡¡¡¡¡first£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡defensive¡¡¡¡¡¡thorns¡¡

which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡are¡¡¡¡¡¡permanent¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡two¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡thinner¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡species£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡aculeatum¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡

echinatum£»¡¡disappear¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡altogether¡¡on¡¡the¡¡thicker¡¡one£»¡¡tuberculatum£»¡¡as¡¡old¡¡



¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡32¡¡


¡­¡¡Page¡¡33¡­

¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Glaucus/or¡¡The¡¡Wonders¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Shore¡¡



age¡¡¡¡¡¡gives¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡solid¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡heavy¡¡¡¡¡¡globose¡¡¡¡¡¡shell£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡next£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡too£»¡¡

while¡¡¡¡¡¡young¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡tender£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡liable¡¡¡¡¡¡therefore¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡bored¡¡¡¡¡¡through¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡

whelks¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡such¡¡¡¡¡¡murderous¡¡¡¡¡¡univalves£»¡¡¡¡¡¡does¡¡¡¡¡¡actually¡¡¡¡¡¡possess¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡same¡¡

briar¡­¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡prickles£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡thinner¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡cousins¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡keep¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡throughout¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡life¡£¡¡

Nevertheless£»¡¡¡¡¡¡prickles£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡three¡¡¡¡¡¡species£»¡¡¡¡¡¡are£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡far¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡¡¡¡¡can¡¡¡¡see£»¡¡

useless¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡Torbay£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡where¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡no¡¡¡¡¡¡wolf¡­fish¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨Anarrhichas¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡lupus£©¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡other¡¡

owner¡¡of¡¡shell¡­crushing¡¡jaws¡¡wanders£»¡¡terrible¡¡to¡¡lobster¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡cockle¡£¡¡

Originally¡¡intended£»¡¡as¡¡we¡¡suppose£»¡¡to¡¡face¡¡the¡¡strong¡­¡¡toothed¡¡monsters¡¡of¡¡

the¡¡Mediterranean£»¡¡these¡¡foreigners¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡wandered¡¡northward¡¡to¡¡shores¡¡

where¡¡their¡¡armour¡¡is¡¡not¡¡now¡¡needed£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡yet¡¡centuries¡¡of¡¡idleness¡¡and¡¡

security¡¡have¡¡not¡¡been¡¡able¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡persuade¡¡them¡¡to¡¡lay¡¡it¡¡by¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡This¡¡¡­¡¡if¡¡my¡¡

explanation¡¡is¡¡the¡¡right¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡­¡¡is¡¡but¡¡one¡¡more¡¡case¡¡among¡¡hundreds¡¡in¡¡

which¡¡peculiarities£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡useful¡¡doubtless¡¡to¡¡their¡¡original¡¡possessors£»¡¡remain£»¡¡

though¡¡¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡useless£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡descendants¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Just¡¡¡¡¡¡so¡¡¡¡¡¡does¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡tame¡¡¡¡¡¡ram¡¡

inherit¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡now¡¡superfluous¡¡horns¡¡of¡¡his¡¡primeval¡¡wild¡¡ancestors£»¡¡though¡¡

he¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡fights¡¡¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡

·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©

Äã¿ÉÄÜϲ»¶µÄ